Data transfer schemes in a microprocessor

Microprocessor can perform the work of a large number of integrated circuits. Microprocessors can be used in the applications where some sort of logical control is required. A microprocessor is consists of a central processing unit (CPU), Bus, memory and input/output devices. In a microprocessor system, data transfer takes place between various components. Major data transfer takes place between CPU and memory, CPU and input/output devices, and, memory and input/output devices. The different data transfer schemes used in a microprocessor system are synchronous transfer, asynchronous transfer, interrupt driven transfer, series data transfer and direct memory access transfer. Direct memory access transfer is for data transfer between memory and input/output devices. All other schemes are for data transfer between CPU and input/output devices. In synchronous transfer, an analog to digital converter is used at a clock frequency of 500 kHz, without any handshaking signals. Handshaking signals are used in asynchronous transfer. CPU initiates input/output device operation in interrupt driven transfer. Series data transfer scheme is used for interfacing a display device or a printer.